Alpha decay occurs when the strong nuclear force cannot hold a large nucleus together. Alpha decay in alpha decay the nucleus is split into 2 parts with one of these parts the alpha particle zooming off into space. Radioactive decay radioactive decay aqa gcse physics. The following diagram shows the formulas for exponential growth and decay problems. During radioactive decay, principles of conservation apply. Aqa alevel physicsradioactive decay wikibooks, open. A free revision app accompanies the book, allowing students to plan and revise on the go with quickfire practice questions and flash cards. Radioactivity 91 gcse and igcse physics aqa, edexcel. Radioactive gamma decay applications of gamma ray physics. Eg the lead isotope pb214 has 2 neutrons and is a beta emitter. Phys102 lecture 3435 nuclear physics and radioactivity. Radioactive decay is a random process which gives out heat. Radioactive decay is when an unstable nucleus decays in a random manner.
Many are radioactive or unstable, and will tend to decay by emitting a particle, transforming the atom made up of protons, neutrons and electrons1 into an atom of another element, or into a lower energy state. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. A set of multiple choice gcse questions for use as pretest or posttest assessment for gcse edexcel physics. Full lessons with resources for those teaching gcse edexcel physics topic 6 for combined science. Total rounded up protons neutrons rn 86 4 na 11 p.
Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, centre number and candidate number. Gcse physics teaching notes and resources by mike walker. Series editor lawrie ryan and author jim breithaupt. Includes sections on how to revise, maths and how science works. To balance a nuclear equation left side and right side you have to make sure that the sum of the nucleon top numbers on the left hand side equals the sum of the nucleon numbers on the right hand side and the sum of the. The nucleus has its atomic number reduced by 2 and its mass number is reduced by 4 2 protons and 2 neutrons are removed. Gcse 91 physics specification pearson edexcel level 1level 2 gcse 91 in physics 1ph0 first teaching from september 2016 first certification from june 2018 issue 1. Covering the main exam boards, revision is made easy for students with a free onthego app, practice questions and stepbystep support.
Lessons include easy to follow presentations that promote high levels of pupil engagement. When a radioactive nucleus decays it may emit one or more of the following. More lessons for gcse maths math worksheets examples, solutions, videos, activities, and problems on exponential growth and decay that are suitable for gcse maths. All the specification points are covered in simple bulletpoint form. The following folders contain lesson plans for gcse ocr 21st century physics 2014 and gcse aqa physics 2016. Beta decay beta decay occurs when a nucleus emits an electron. Most nuclei are very stable, but some decay and break apart into more stable nuclei.
Most students take, and should continue to take, the equivalent of at least two gcses in science. The book is organised for cambridge igcse physics 0625 syllabus, but much of the content will still be relevant to you. In 1903, he shared the nobel prize in physics with pierre and marie curie in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity. Gcse physics 1 science at key stage 4 gcse science often called core or single science is th e single qualification that covers the statutory programme of study for science at key stage 4. New gcse physics for you including the latest edition details of the full series. In theory, there is no end to the life of a radioactive substance the time it takes before the activity reaches zerotherefore the quantity used for dealing with the life of radioactive substances is the half life. Alpha, beta and gamma are covered plus positron decay and neutron emission. When a nucleus decays it will emit give out some particles or waves. Advanced physics for you the friendliest physics book for as and a2 students. If you are also teaching triple science sp6 bundle will be more suited to you as it contains the extra content needed lesson in total. Activity is the rate at which a source of unstable nuclei decays.
Aqa gcse physics for combined science trilogy student book. Use the topic list to find the desired material or click here for edexcel international gcse physics simplified. A particle is unstable if there is at least one allowed final state that it can decay into. The charge, mass, penetration and ionising ability of the three types of radioactivity alpha, beta and gamma. Buy edexcel gcse 91 physics edexcel 91 gcse science 2016 by levesley, mark isbn. Centre number candidate number write your name here surname other names total marks sample assessment material paper reference time.
In physics, speed is defined as the distance traveled in unit time one second. Buy revise edexcel gcse 91 physics higher revision guide. Gcse physics revision section covering radioactivity, atomic structure, background radiation, isotopes, alpha, beta, gamma, uses of radiation, nuclear fission, nuclear energy and chain reactions, revision videos, medical uses of radiation. Cambridge igcse physics book, notes and study guide for. Not for resale, circulation or distribution in whole or in part. A change will occur in the nucleus to make it more stable. Contents 1 introduction 2 why choose edexcel gcse in physics. The text is accompanied by a good selection of illustrations and photographs. Similar to the energy levels for electrons in the atom, the nucleus has energy levels. Youll see that our gcse physics, along with chemistry and biology, is a clear straightforward.
Isaac physics a project designed to offer support and activities in physics problem solving to teachers and students from gcse level through to university. Physics student book aqa gcse 91 by nick england 2016 english pdf. A worksheet and fully complete answer sheet which is aimed at gcse physics students covering alpha, beta and gamma decay. Collins edexcel international gcse teacher packs are full of lesson ideas, practical instructions, technicians notes, planning support and more. The first figure or page number always refers to the gcse physics book.
Pearson edexcel level 1level 2 gcse 9 1 in physics 1ph0. Edexcel international gcse 91 physics student book brian arnold, penny johnson, steve woolley ebook uncorrected included proof, all content subject to change at publisher discretion. The three processes are electron emission, positron positive electron emission, and electron capture. Gcse aqa lesson plans overview p1 lesson plans p2 lesson plans p5 lesson plans dynamics p5 lesson plans statics. With the wrong number of neutrons, nuclei can fall apart.
This video relates to the edexcel 91 gcse physics specification which will be examined for the first time in 2018. So beta decay does not cause the mass of the nucleus to change. This book provides a quick look at the content of unit p1 of the aqa gcse. It is part of a suite of gcse qualifications offered by pearson.
Gcse physics radioactivity high demand questions questionsheet 1 the chart below shows the change in mass number and atomic number of an atom for different types of radioactive decay. Elements with fewer protons, such as the ones near the top of the periodic table, are stable if they have the same number of neutrons and protons. This interaction causes a quark in the neutron to change from down, d, to up, u, in the proton and emits a w particle which then decays into an. What is radioactivity sometimes the nucleus of an atom is unstable. Gcse physics modelling nuclear equations lesson element. Particle decay is the spontaneous process of one unstable subatomic particle transforming into multiple other particles.
Alpha and beta decay physics alevel gcse and alevel. This decay is an example of an interaction that proceeds via the weak nuclear force. In this gcse physics revision video, hazel talks you through radioactivity, including alpha, beta and gamma radiation, decay equations, penetrating powers and example of. Centre number candidate number edexcel gcse physics. Nuclear decay, equation, proton number, nucleon number course overview. Gcse 91 revision guides and exam practice books from scholastic are written by experts and fully matched to the gcse 91 specifications. Nuclear radiation radioactive decay aqa gcse physics. The pearson edexcel level 1level 2 gcse 91 in physics is designed for use in schools and colleges. Gcse 91 physics extra papers, questions and answers.
Nuclear decay equations equations, teaching, gcse physics. Revise edexcel gcse 91 physics higher revision guide. When the nucleus of an atom decays it gives out energy and may also give out alpha or beta particles. A nucleus will regain stability by emitting alpha or beta particles and then cool. The final nucleus still has 14 nucleons, but it has one more proton and one fewer neutron. Beta decay, any of three processes of radioactive disintegration by which some unstable atomic nuclei spontaneously dissipate excess energy and undergo a change of one unit of positive charge without any change in mass number. The mass of the parent nucleus is greater than the sum of the masses of the daughter nucleus and the alpha particle.
Beta decay a2levellevelrevision, physics, particles. The numbers in brackets refer to the combined science trilogy books. Gcse physics radioactivity alpha, beta, gamma teaching. Even small levels can penetrate air, paper or thin metal. Nuclear radiation types of radioactive decay an unstable nucleus can decay by emitting an alpha particle, a beta particle, a gamma ray or in some cases a single neutron. They spit out bits and pieces of themselves in decay processes alpha, beta, gamma, neutron, and others.
These constant collisions make it difficult for the current to flow or in other words resist the. The exercises presented here help students master the concepts of physics included in typical gcse physics courses, and other physics courses of a similar level. Year 11 aqa gcse physics revision booklet paper 1 particle model of matter density of materials know the density of a material is defined by the equation. Gcse physics specification specification for first. Radioactive decay aqa physics gcse content content some atomic nuclei are unstable the nucleus gives out radiation as it changes to become more stable. Sources of gamma rays other than radioactive decay include terrestrial thunderstorms and lightning, from celestial bodies such as pulsars, quasars, distant galaxies, gammaray bursts in space and collapse of a star into a black hole known as a hypernova aka superluminous supernova. As these electrons flow around a circuit they bump into the atoms in the conducting wire and electrical components. Edexcel igcse physics student book by penny johnson. Emitting particles or waves from the nucleus is called radioactivity. If you are studying a different international gcse physics syllabus, or a uk gcse physics syllabus, dont go away. Beta decay was named 1899 by ernest rutherford when he observed. Scroll down the page for more examples and solutions for exponential growth and decay problems. Bjorn walhstrom, understanding radiation, medical physics pub. Edexcel gcse 91 physics edexcel 91 gcse science 2016.
The existence of neutrinos was first proposed by wolfgang pauli in a 1930 letter to his physics colleagues as a desperate way out of the apparent nonconservation of energy in certain radioactive decays called beta decays in which electrons were emitted. Prepare students with complete coverage of the new edexcel international gcse specification for physics. To show what happens before and after a nuclear reaction reaction involving the nucleus of an atom we use equations that show both the proton z and nucleon number a. An atoms nucleus can only be stable if it has a certain amount of neutrons for the amount of protons it has. Selfmarking can be duplicated and modified accordingly. Explain that the reason for this will become clear when beta decay is considered. The particles created in this process the final state must each be less massive than the original, although the total invariant mass of the system must be conserved. Higher levels can only be stopped by many centimetres of lead, or many metres of concrete.
Radioactivity cp6 edexcel 91 gcse physics teaching. Provides complete coverage of the new specification. Exponential growth and decay examples, solutions, videos. Check out more of our edexcel gcse science videos and revision resources at. Radioactive decay summary the physics hypertextbook. The third class of radioactive decay is gamma decay, in which the nucleus changes from a higherlevel energy state to a lower level. Can be used with any powerpoint excel word pdf html image video files, or urls. Particles that emit alpha radiation, beta radiation, and gamma radiation go through the process of radioactive decay, which cause the heating of the molten core of. Radioactive decay will change one nucleus to another if the product nucleus has a greater nuclear binding. Activity is measured in becquerel bq countrate is the number of decays recorded each second by a detector eg geiger.
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